Though & Although - are usually interchangeable, but although can't be used at the end of a sentnce

    I haven't seen my sister for a while, although we live on the same street.
    I haven't seen my sister for a while, though we live on the same street.
    I haven't seen my sister for a while. We live on the same street, though. (at the end of a sentence you can only use thought, although can't be used at the end of a sentence)

There are only three cases when although can't be used:

    1. Though is only used at the end of a sentence
        I was going to go to the store, but my mother did not let us go, though.
        We love our new house. The house is a little big far from town, though.
        The food is all ready, but the oven is not working, though.
    2. As Though – means “as if”
        My sister acts, as though she is the only one that lives in the house.
        My dog acts, as though she was human.
        My friends look really tired, as though they did not sleep all night.
        I felt sick, as though I'd just eaten bad food.
    3. Even Though – is used to emphasis something or someone
        I went to my classes, even though I did not feel well.
        The car was not working, even though it was just in the shop.

- See more at: http://english-the-easy-way.com/Confusing_English/Though_Although.html#sthash.EvnXIprk.dpuf